Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Index: L

la function : 10.9. Shell Functions

last access time : 21.5. What Good Is a File's Last Access Time?

deleting by : 23.20. Deleting Stale Files

last modification : (see modification time, file)

lastcomm command : 39.6. lastcomm: What Commands Are Running and How Long Do They Take?

addup script using : 49.7. Total a Column with addup

leave program : 48.5. leave: A Maddening Aid to Quitting on Time

left angle bracket : (see <)

left bracket : (see [ ] (brackets))

length command (awk) : 33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

lensort script

36.8. lensort: Sort Lines by Length

52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

less command : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

less utility : 25.3. Using more to Page Through Files

-s option : 16.22. Comparing Two Directory Trees with dircmp

lesskey program : 25.4. The "less" Pager: More than "more"

lf script

16.7. ls Shortcuts: ll, lf, lg, etc.

52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

lg script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

libraries

functions defined in : 52.8.2.7. Functions, Libraries, and Header Files

linking with : 52.8.2.7. Functions, Libraries, and Header Files

in /usr/lib : 52.8.2.7. Functions, Libraries, and Header Files

limit filesize command : 24.5. Limiting File Sizes

line #: ;; unexpected : 46.1.4. Missing or Extra esac, ;;, fi, etc.

line drawings : 43.12.1. troff

line editing : (see batch editing)

line function : 44.13. read: Reading from the Keyboard

line numbers : 25.21. Numbering Lines

resetting : 46.1.5. Line Numbers Reset Inside Redirected Loops

line spacing : 25.12. Double Space, Triple Space ...

line-kill character : 9.2. Fix a Line Faster with Line-Kill and Word-Erase

line-wrapping : 42.5. Checklist: Screen Size Messed Up?

lines in files

counting : 29.6. Counting Lines, Words, and Characters: wc

searching for : 45.11. The Multipurpose jot Command

linespeed switches : 5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

links : 18.4. More About Links

between directories : 18.7. Linking Directories

copying : 18.15. Copying Directory Trees with cp -r

creating/removing : 18.5. Creating and Removing Links

to directories : 18.4.2. Links to a Directory

disk space and : 24.4. Save Space with a Link

errors caused by : 50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages

to filenames

18.4.1. Differences Between Hard and Symbolic Links

44.22. Finding a Program Name; Multiple Program Names

45.13. Save Disk Space and Programming: Multiple Names for a Program

finding : 17.22. Finding the Links to a File

hard : (see hard links)

invalid : 18.6. Stale Symbolic Links

to programs

44.22. Finding a Program Name; Multiple Program Names

45.13. Save Disk Space and Programming: Multiple Names for a Program

relinking : 18.14. Relinking Multiple Symbolic Links

symbolic : (see symbolic links)

list.base program : 48.10. Working with Names and Addresses

literal percent sign, creating : 40.14. Including Standard Input Within a cron Entry

Litmaath, Maarten : 13.16. Store and Show Errors with logerrs

ll script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

lm script : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

ln command

18.5. Creating and Removing Links

52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

-s option

18.5. Creating and Removing Links

18.7. Linking Directories

lndir program : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

lndir script : 18.7. Linking Directories

load averages

39.7. Checking System Load: uptime

39.12.1. The CPU

local dictionary files : 29.1. The UNIX spell Command

locate program : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

locate script : 17.18. Using "Fast find"

lockfiles

45.36. Shell Lockfile

(see also file permissions)

creating : 45.36. Shell Lockfile

examples : 45.36. Shell Lockfile

log command (awk) : 33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

LOGDIR environment variable

6.3. Predefined Environment Variables

14.11. Finding (Anyone's) Home Directory, Quickly

logerrs script

13.16. Store and Show Errors with logerrs

52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

logging in

2.1. Customizing the Shell

38.2. fork and exec

to another user's account : 22.22. The su Command Isn't Just for the Superuser

changing login sequence : 2.12. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals

multiple sessions : 22.22.1. Ending or Suspending

showing login messages once : 2.15. Unclutter Logins: Show Login Messages Just Once

showing new message lines : 2.14. motd.diff: Show New Lines in Login Messages

logging, disk space and : 24.2. Save Space with Bit Bucket Log Files and Mailboxes

logical operators : (see operators, logical)

.login file

2.2.2. C Shell

2.7. C Shell Setup Files Aren't Read When You Want Them to Be?

2.8. Identifying Login Shells

2.12. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals

if statements in : 47.3. Conditional Statements with if

once-a-day setup : 2.5.3. Once-a-Day Setup

setting search path : 8.7.1. Setting Path in Shell Setup Files

setting terminal type : 5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In

login shells

2.2. Shell Setup Files-Which, Where, and Why

2.2.2. C Shell

2.8. Identifying Login Shells

51.9. Making a "Login" Shell

identifying : 2.8. Identifying Login Shells

unapproved : 2.16. Approved Shells: Using Unapproved Login Shell

loginshell variable : 2.8. Identifying Login Shells

LOGNAME environment variable

6.3. Predefined Environment Variables

6.9. Special C Shell Variables

.logout file

2.2.2. C Shell

3.1. Running Commands When You Log Out

long-line wrapping : 42.6.3. Set Width, Test Line Wrapping: longlines

longlines file

42.6.3. Set Width, Test Line Wrapping: longlines

52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

look command

27.18. Fast Searches and Spelling Checks with "look"

29.3. How Do I Spell That Word?

52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

lookfor script

17.21. lookfor: Which File Has that Word?

52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

loops

1.5. Anyone Can Program the Shell

44.10. Loops That Test Exit Status

(see also under specific loop names)

alias definition : 10.6. Avoiding C Shell Alias Loops

basename command used in : 45.18.2. Use with Loops

in Bourne shells : 44.10. Loops That Test Exit Status

dirname command used in : 45.18.2. Use with Loops

exit status of : 45.19. A while Loop with Several Loop Control Commands

find command used in : 45.18.2. Use with Loops

for : (see for loop)

foreach : (see foreach loop)

if-then-else : 10.7. How to Put if-then-else in a C Shell Alias

increment number in : 45.11. The Multipurpose jot Command

jot command in : 45.11. The Multipurpose jot Command

parameters for : 9.11. Repeating a Command with a foreach Loop

split command used in : 45.18.2. Use with Loops

testing exit status : 44.10. Loops That Test Exit Status

lp command : 43.2.1. System V Printing Commands

lp spooler, defined : 43.1. Introduction to Printing

lpc help command : 43.3. Printer Control with lpc

lpc restart command : 43.3. Printer Control with lpc

lpc status command : 43.2.2. Berkeley Printing Commands

lpq command : 43.2.2. Berkeley Printing Commands

shell script running : 38.11. Printer Queue Watcher: A Restartable Daemon Shell Script

lpr command : 43.2.2. Berkeley Printing Commands

errors caused by : 50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages

examples : 44.16. Handling Command-Line Arguments with a for Loop

lpr spooler, defined : 43.1. Introduction to Printing

lprm command : 43.2.2. Berkeley Printing Commands

lpstat command : 43.2.1. System V Printing Commands

lr command : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

ls command

2.15. Unclutter Logins: Show Login Messages Just Once

16.3. Reordering ls Listings

16.6. clf, cls: "Compressed" ls Listings

16.9. An Alias to List Recently Changed Files

52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

-A option : 16.11. Showing Hidden Files with ls -A and -a

-a option : 16.11. Showing Hidden Files with ls -A and -a

aliases for

16.7. ls Shortcuts: ll, lf, lg, etc.

16.12. Useful ls Aliases

-b option : 16.14. Showing Non-Printable Characters in Filenames

-c option : 16.2. Finding Oldest or Newest Files with ls -t and ls -u

-C option

16.3. Reordering ls Listings

16.12. Useful ls Aliases

-ctime option : 21.6. A File's Inode Change (not "Creation"!) Time

-d option : 16.8. The ls -d Option

-F option

16.6. clf, cls: "Compressed" ls Listings

16.12. Useful ls Aliases

18.6. Stale Symbolic Links

file searches with : 9.24. Get File List by Editing Output of ls -l, grep, etc.

filenames and : 1.16. Wildcards

-i option

1.22. How UNIX Keeps Track of Files: Inodes

18.4.1. Differences Between Hard and Symbolic Links

-l option

1.22. How UNIX Keeps Track of Files: Inodes

16.25. Listing Files by Age and Size

16.29. sls: Super ls with Format You Can Choose

22.15. Juggling Permissions

-L option : 18.6. Stale Symbolic Links

-ld option : 21.8.1.3. Watching Directories

links and : 18.4.1. Differences Between Hard and Symbolic Links

-m option : 16.7. ls Shortcuts: ll, lf, lg, etc.

-q option : 16.13. Can't Access a File? Look for Spaces in the Name

-r option : 16.3. Reordering ls Listings

-R option : 16.4. List All Subdirectories with ls -R

-s option : 17.14. Searching for Files by Size

-t option : 16.2. Finding Oldest or Newest Files with ls -t and ls -u

terminfo database and : 5.10. Finding What Terminal Names You Can Use

-u option

16.2. Finding Oldest or Newest Files with ls -t and ls -u

16.3. Reordering ls Listings

-x option : 16.3. Reordering ls Listings

ls_today script

16.18. Listing Files You've Created/Edited Today

52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

lsdel program : 52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc

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